Most of the questions are designed so that the answers can be located in the textbook. My objective is to get you to read and use the textbook rather than relying only on my lecture notes. Answering the questions will not only give you extra credit points but will help you learn the material, which should increase your test scores.
Extra Credit Questions Weeks 1-8 (2 pts./week)
Week 1: Ch 1
1. List 5 beneficial effects of microorganisms.
2. What organisms are subjects for study in the field of microbiology?
3. What was Leeuwenhoek's contribution to microbiology?
4. What is spontaneous generation and why does it conflict with the germ theory?
5. You are a medical microbiologist and are asked to identify the microbial agent responsible for causing a patient's illness. How would you use each one of Koch's postulates to identify and prove which microorganism caused the disease?
Week 2: Ch 2
1. Draw a picture of an atom of nitrogen showing the nucleus and all electrons as they occur in their electron shells.
2. Make a table showing the number of electrons. protons, and neutrons in the atoms of:
A. hydrogen
B. carbon
C. oxygen
D. sodium
3. Draw a picture showing hydrogen bonding between three water molecules.
4. Indicate whether the solutions would be acidic, basic or neither:
A. vinegar
B. oven cleaner
C. household ammonia
D. beer
E. urine
F. stomach contents
5. Give the name of one example each of a:
A. monosaccharide
B. disaccharide
C. polysaccharide
6. What is the difference in the chemical makeup of a triglyceride and a phospholipid?
7. Make a list of all:
A. nonpolar amino acids
B. polar amino acids
C. acidic amino acids
D. basic amino acids
8. List the 4 levels of protein structure and describe what they represent.
9. Draw picture showing hydrogen bonding between molecules of:
A. adenine and thymine
B. guanine and cytosine
Week 3: Ch 3
1. List the "Five I's" for culturing microorganisms and briefly describe what each one is.
2. What is the difference between a chemically defined synthetic medium and an undefined complex medium?
3. What is the purpose of a selective medium? Make a table listing 4 different selective media, the selective agent in each medium and the use of each medium.
4. How does oil improve the resolution of a specimen when using an oil immersion lens?
5. Draw a diagram showing the steps of the loop dilution pour plate method for culturing microorganisms.
6. What effect does the wavelength of light have on the resolving power of a light microscope?
Week 4: Ch 4
1. Describe all of the different arrangements of flagella that are possible on bacterial cells and give the scientific term for each type.
2. List the main components that make up the cell walls of gram positive, gram negative and acid fast bacteria.
3. Draw diagrams of cells that would be termed:
a. diplobacilli b. vibrio c. sarcinae d. spirilla e. streptococci f. staphylococci
a. diplobacilli
b. vibrio
c. sarcinae
d. spirilla
e. streptococci
f. staphylococci
4. Name one disease caused by each of the following bacteria
a. Vibrio b. Neisseria c. Streptococcus d. Staphylococcus e. Rickettsia f. Mycloplasma g. Bacillus
a. Vibrio
b. Neisseria
c. Streptococcus
d. Staphylococcus
e. Rickettsia
f. Mycloplasma
g. Bacillus
5. Give the function(s) of the following cellular structures or compartments; (i.e. what do they do for the cell or what cellular process are they involved in)
a. ribosome b. pilus c. chromosome d. endospore e. periplasmic space f. porin
a. ribosome
b. pilus
c. chromosome
d. endospore
e. periplasmic space
f. porin
Week 5 Chapter 6
1. Describe the size range of viruses and give 5 examples of viruses with their sizes..
2. Describe the constituents of viruses and what they are made of.
3. Draw a picture of: a complex, an enveloped and a naked virus and label their parts.
4. Give the common name of 5 DNA viruses and 10 RNA viruses and the disease that each one causes.
5. For an animal virus, list and describe what happens during the stages from infection to exit from the host cell.
Week 6 Chapter 8
1. Define metabolism and explain the difference between and functions of anabolism and catabolism.
2. Define enzyme, describe the chemical makeup and explain why they are important for cellular metabolism.
3. What are oxidation/reduction reactions and why are they important to cells?
4. Draw a diagram showing the steps of glycolysis and indicate the steps where ATP is produced or used and where NAD is reduced.
6. Define fermentation? Name the main end products of glucose fermentation.
7. How are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation linked to each other in aerobic metabolism? I.e what compounds produced during glycolysis enter the Krebs cycle and transfer electrons to the electron transport chain.
1. Describe the ways that DNA can be transferred between bacterial cells.
2. Expain what replication is and why it is called semiconservative.
3. Describe the events (transcription and translation) in the cell during expression of a gene.
4. Describe, RNA polymerase, mRNA, rRNA, tDNA, codon and anticodon.
5. List the amino acids with the following codons: ACG, UGU, AAA, AUG.
6. What is special about the AUG and UAA, UAG and UGA codons?
7. Explain how an antibiotic resistant strain of a bacterial pathogen could develop and spread in a hospital.
Week 8 Chapter 11
1. What is your section number?
2. Why is it important that we have a wide variety of different methods to control microorganisms?
3. What is the difference between: a.) disinfection and sterilization; b.) a disinfectant and an antiseptic; c.) fungicidal and fungistatic?
4. What are the main targets for antimicrobial agents?
5. List 5 chemical antimicrobial agents.
6. List 5 physical antimicrobial agents.
7. How does an autoclave achieve sterility and how can one be sure that autoclave worked properly?
8. What is pasteurization, who invented it and what is the main pathogen of concern in dairy products?
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SIUC / College of Science / Microbiology / Microbiology 201 http://www.science.siu.edu/microbiology/micr201/XcrdQsN Last updated: Jan. 29, 2007 /jdh